Catalogue Search | MBRL
هل أنت متأكد أنك تريد إزالة الكتاب من الرف؟
{{itemTitle}}
673
نتائج ل
"Language attrition."
صنف حسب:
Second language attainment and first language attrition
Speech of late bilinguals has frequently been described in terms of cross-linguistic influence (CLI) from the native language (L1) to the second language (L2), but CLI from the L2 to the L1 has received relatively little attention. This article addresses L2 attainment and L1 attrition in voicing systems through measures of voice onset time (VOT) in two groups of Dutch–German late bilinguals in the Netherlands. One group comprises native speakers of Dutch and the other group comprises native speakers of German, and the two groups further differ in their degree of L2 immersion. The L1-German–L2-Dutch bilinguals (N = 23) are exposed to their L2 at home and outside the home, and the L1-Dutch–L2-German bilinguals (N = 18) are only exposed to their L2 at home. We tested L2 attainment by comparing the bilinguals’ L2 to the other bilinguals’ L1, and L1 attrition by comparing the bilinguals’ L1 to Dutch monolinguals (N = 29) and German monolinguals (N = 27). Our findings indicate that complete L2 immersion may be advantageous in L2 acquisition, but at the same time it may cause L1 phonetic attrition. We discuss how the results match the predictions made by Flege’s Speech Learning Model and explore how far bilinguals’ success in acquiring L2 VOT and maintaining L1 VOT depends on the immersion context, articulatory constraints and the risk of sounding foreign accented.
Journal Article
Memory speaks : on losing and reclaiming language and self
\"As immigrants and others are engulfed by dominant societies, the connection to their ancestral tongues is routinely severed. Julie Sedivy takes on the science and politics of language loss, offering lessons for the renewal and preservation of heritage languages, alongside her own moving story of language loss and accompanying personal crisis\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Quantitative analyses in a multivariate study of language attrition: the impact of extralinguistic factors
Most linguistic processes - acquisition, change, deterioration - take place in and are determined by a complex and multifactorial web of language internal and language external influences. This implies that the impact of each individual factor can only be determined on the basis of a careful consideration of its interplay with all other factors. The present study investigates to what degree a number of sociolinguistic and extralinguistic factors, which have been previously demonstrated or claimed to be relevant in the context of language attrition, can account for individual differences in first language (LI) proficiency. Data were collected from attriting populations with German as their LI : one in a Dutch language context (n = 53) and one in a Canadian English setting (n = 53). These groups were compared to a reference group of Germans in Germany (n = 53). Overall, the proposed outcome measures (derived from both formal tasks and a free speech task) are argued to be stable and valid indicators of attrition effects. The predictor variables under investigation are shown to fall into several reliable factor groups, for example, identification and affiliation with LI, exposure to German language and attitude towards LI. These are the factor groups that have, so far, been considered the most important for the process of LI attrition or maintenance. However, the predictive power exercised by these factor groups in the present study is shown to be relatively weak.
Journal Article
The last speakers : the quest to save the world's most endangered languages
Part travelogue and part scientist's notebook, The Last Speakers is the poignant chronicle of author K. David Harrison's expeditions around the world to meet with last speakers of vanishing languages. The speakers' eloquent reflections and candid photographs reveal little-known lifeways as well as revitalization efforts to teach disappearing languages to younger generations. Thought-provoking and engaging, this unique book illuminates the global language-extinction crisis through photos, graphics, interviews, traditional wisdom never before translated into English, and first-person essays that thrillingly convey the adventure of science and exploration. - Publisher.
Book
The Role of First Language Attrition in Persian Idiomatic Expressions
In recent years, despite the fact that many researchers have devoted much of their attention to second language attrition, not much focus has been given to first language attrition (FLA) specifically among Iranian immigrants. The present study attempts to describe FLA in the semantic domain of idiomatic expression and effect of length of residence among Persian native speakers who live in Iran as well as those who migrate to English-speaking countries. The present study explores language attrition in three migrant populations (Persians in the United States, Australia, and Canada). The participants were selected through convenience sampling. Furthermore, to find the impact of length of residence, the immigrants were divided into two groups comprising short- and long-term residence groups. The instrument applied by the researchers for data collection included a researcher-devised idiomatic expression test to assess immigrants’ level of idiom comprehension and demographic information questionnaire to have a better understanding of immigrants’ background characteristics. Results revealed that the immigrants underwent FLA and the rate of attrition was higher in long-term immigrants. The results are in harmony with the
Activation Threshold Hypothesis
showing the language attrition among fewer L1 users. The finding of this study sheds new light on the understanding of the concept of first language attrition in migration studies.
Journal Article
The attrition of school-learned foreign languages: A multilingual perspective
In the vast body of research on language learning, there is still surprisingly little work on the attrition or retention of second/foreign languages, particularly in multilinguals, once learning and/or use of these languages ceases. The present study focuses on foreign language attrition and examines lexical diversity and (dis)fluency in the oral productions of 114 multilingual young adults, first language German speakers who learned English as their first (FL1) and French or Italian as their second foreign language (FL2), shortly before and approximately 16 months after graduation from upper secondary school. The level of foreign language use after graduation was found to have a noticeable impact on the measured change in output quality in the FL2, but only little in the FL1, where participants’ initial proficiency was considerably higher. The amount of use in the FL1 had no visible connection with attrition/maintenance in a rarely used FL2. Those participants who felt their speaking skills in one of their foreign languages had improved were correct in their self-assessment, but the degree to which the remaining subjects felt their speaking skills had deteriorated was not reflected in their productions.
Journal Article
Understanding Language Attrition through Orthography
The decay in the proficiency of the native language (L1), known as first language attrition, is one of the least understood phenomena associated with the acquisition of a second language (L2). Indeed, the exact cause for the deterioration in L1 performance, be that either the interference from L2 acquisition or the less frequent use of L1, still remains elusive. In this opinion paper, we focus on one largely understudied aspect of L1 attrition—namely, the erosion of the L1 orthographic knowledge under the influence of L2 orthography. In particular, we propose to study differences in orthographic processing between mono- and bilingual populations as an approach, which, in turn, will allow to address both cognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying L1 attrition. We discuss relevant experimental paradigms, variable manipulations and appropriate research methods that may help disentangle the largely debated question of L2 interference vs. L1 disuse, clarifying the nature of the L1 orthographic attrition.
Journal Article